Micro Irrigation Systems Market, By Type (Drip System and Sprinkler System), by Application (Industrial and Agricultural), by Crop Type (Field Crops, Landscape & Turf, Orchard Crops, and Others), and By Geography (EU, NA, APAC, LATAM, and MEA) – Analysis, Size, Share, Trends, and Forecast from 2021-2027
REPORT HIGHLIGHT
The global micro irrigation Systems market was valued at USD 24.7 billion in 2020, growing with 3.1% CAGR during the forecast period, 2021-2027.
Micro irrigation systems are widely recognized as a crucial part of modern agricultural irrigation. These systems are highly efficient in saving water due to their mode of water application. By using these products farmers can have a complete control over the amount and speed of water they want to deliver to their plants/crops. By utilizing these modern agriculture tools water can be directly transported into the root zone of the plant regularly and slowly.
Market Dynamics
The global market is growing at a significant rate and during the forecast period, the market is expected to expand at a considerable CAGR. There has been a noticeable decline in the water table in the last few years and agriculture is one of the major sectors where an abundant amount of water is required, hence to save the available water resource micro irrigation systems have emerged as a crucial solution. The launch of programs and schemes by governments to spread awareness about the benefits of using these modern agricultural tools is anticipated to aid market growth.
Increased investment by industry players to develop efficient and easy to operate drip and sprinkler systems is significantly fueling the market growth. For instance, in 2020, one of the prominent manufacturers of modern irrigation systems introduced “Zimmatic poly pipe” that can complement its center pivot irrigation systems by efficiently working alongside the system. Furthermore, low labor required for irrigation by using these systems is an additional benefit as they help growers in saving labor costs. However, the high expense associated with automated sprinkler and drip systems is restraining their growth across low-income countries.
Type Takeaway
Depending upon the type, the global business is categorized into drip and sprinkler systems. Of these two, drip irrigation systems are dominant types within the global industry and their adoption among farmers is higher. The efficiency of the aforementioned product in minimizing fertilizer and nutrient loss, offering control to farmers on water applications, and reducing the salinization rate are vouching for their high acceptance among agriculturists and growers.
The sprinkler irrigation system is projected to emerge as the fastest-growing segment as their demand in the production if row crops are rising. With the use of these systems, terracing and land leveling is not necessary which helps growers and industrialists in saving cost, and hence they are preferred by this group of consumers.
Application Takeaway
In terms of application, the worldwide industry is categorized into industrial and agricultural. In the agricultural sector, there is wider application scope for these modern, water-saving irrigation systems as agriculture utilizes a huge portion of the water available on the planet. Depletion of available water resources has motivated farmers and growers to opt for agricultural systems and solutions that can efficiently aid crop yield without exhausting water resources.
In the industrial sector, the utilization of micro-irrigation systems is predicted to rise across horticulture, residential buildings, and wholesale nurseries for saving water, labor, and electricity. Easy to handle and operate micro irrigation systems will witness a surge of demand from the industrial sector in the forthcoming years.
Crop Type Takeaway
In terms of crop type, the worldwide industry is categorized into field crop, landscape & turf, orchard crops, and others. The utilization of micro irrigation systems for the production of orchard crops is predicted to remain high throughout the forecast period. This is attributed to the requirement of specific environmental conditions by orchard crops to grow properly and produce high-quality yield. Proliferating consumer per capita income in both developed and some developing economies have emphasized the demand for exotic fruits and vegetables that are grown under orchard farming. The rising efforts to improve R&D and develop budget-friendly micro-irrigation systems are predicted to boost the demand for these products for the production of field crops.
Regional Takeaway
Regionally, the overall industry is divided into North America, Middle East, and Africa, Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America. The Asia Pacific region is anticipated to lead the global market and grow at a significant CAGR during the foreseeable. This is attributed to the increased adoption of advanced agricultural devices, solutions, and machinery in the agriculture sector of India, China, and other agri-dominant Asian economies. Rising concern on saving resources and food security concerns due to the burgeoning population in prominent Asian economies will further aid the regional market growth.
In North America, the demand for micro-irrigation systems is likely to increase in the upcoming years on account of the high compatibility of this equipment with highly adopted precision farming in countries such as the U.S. and Canada. The existence of key industry players such as Lindsay Corporation, Rain Bird Corporation, and others within the region and increasing product innovation by these companies will further aid the market growth.
COVID-19 Impact
The global occurrence of COVID-19, followed by partial and complete lockdowns across several countries has been negatively impacting the world agriculture industry, specifically from the viewpoint of labor. The calamity is predictable to endure in the upcoming months on account of restricted trade across different regions and countries. The extent of negative or positive impact on this particular market is difficult to predict and the scenario will be clearer once the COVID-19 crisis is over or handled completely. In western economies, the market is expected to grow at a stable pace owing to low dependency on labor across the agricultural sector and higher adoption of these modern systems. In low-income or developing countries market may suffer due to the high cost of some of these systems and the slowdown of the economy due to the pandemic.
Key Vendor Takeaway
The leading players of the industry include Lindsay Corporation, Rain Bird Corporation, Netafim Limited, The Toro Company, Hunter Industries, Valmont Industries, Rivulis Irrigation, Nelson Irrigation Corporation, and Reinke Manufacturing Co. Inc. among others.
The nature of the market is consolidated due to the dominance of few industry players in the international market. To maintain their prominence in the world market and increase their reach across different parts of the globe, industry players are concentrating on strategies like the acquisition of country-level companies, mergers with relevant firms and organizations, new product development, and digitalization. For instance, in 2019, prominent industry player Rain Bird Corporation introduced a new sprinkler system – In-Ground Sprinkler LG3HE, which is extremely easy to install and operate.
The market size and forecast for each segment has been considered as below:
- Historical Year – 2016 to 2018
- Base Year – 2019
- Estimated Year – 2020
- Projected Year – 2021 to 2027
TARGET AUDIENCE
- Traders, Distributors, and Suppliers
- Manufacturers
- Government and Regional Agencies
- Research Organizations
- Consultants
- Distributors
SCOPE OF THE REPORT
The scope of this report covers the market by its major segments, which include as follows:
GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET KEY PLAYERS
- Lindsay Corporation
- Valmont Industries
- Rain Bird Corporation
- T-L Irrigation Co.
- Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd.
- The Toro Company
- Rivulis Irrigation
- Nelson Irrigation Corporation
- Reinke Manufacturing Company Inc.
- Hunter Industries
- Netafim Limited
- Irritec S.p.A
GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET, BY TYPE
- Drip System
- Sprinkler System
GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET, BY APPLICATION
- Industrial
- Agricultural
GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE
- Field Crops
- Landscape & Turf
- Orchard Crops
- Others
GLOBAL MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET, BY REGION
- North America
- The U.S.
- Canada
- Europe
- Germany
- France
- United Kingdom
- Spain
- Italy
- Rest of Europe
- Asia Pacific
- India
- China
- Japan
- Australia
- Rest of APAC
- Latin America
- Brazil
- Mexico
- Argentina
- Rest of LATAM
- The Middle East and Africa
- South Africa
- Saudi Arabia
- Rest of MEA
TABLE OF CONTENT
1. MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET OVERVIEW
1.1. Study Scope
2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
2.1. Market Snippet
2.1.1. Market Snippet by Type
2.1.2. Market Snippet by Application
2.1.3. Market Snippet by Crop Type
2.1.4. Market Snippet by Region
2.2. Competitive Insights
3. MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS KEY MARKET TRENDS
3.1. Market Drivers
3.1.1. Impact Analysis of Market Drivers
3.2. Market Restraints
3.2.1. Impact Analysis of Market Restraints
3.3. Market Opportunities
3.4. Market Future Trends
4. MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS INDUSTRY STUDY
4.1. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
4.2. Marketing Strategy Analysis
4.3. Growth Prospect Mapping
4.4. Regulatory Framework Analysis
5. MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET: COVID-19 IMPACT ANALYSIS
5.1. Pre-COVID-19 Impact Analysis
5.2. Post-COVID-19 Impact Analysis
5.2.1. Top Performing Segments
5.2.2. Marginal Growth Segments
5.2.3. Top Looser Segments
5.2.4. Marginal Loss Segments
6. MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET LANDSCAPE
6.1. Market Share Analysis, 2019
6.2. Key Innovators Analysis
6.3. Breakdown Data, by Key Manufacturer
6.3.1. Established Players’ Analysis
6.3.2. Emerging Players’ Analysis
7. MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET – BY TYPE
7.1. Overview
7.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Type, 2020 & 2027 (%)
7.2. Drip System
7.2.1. Overview
7.2.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
7.3. Sprinkler System
7.3.1. Overview
7.3.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
8. MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET – BY APPLICATION
8.1. Overview
8.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Type, 2020 & 2027 (%)
8.2. Industrial
8.2.1. Overview
8.2.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
8.3. Agricultural
8.3.1. Overview
8.3.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
9. MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET – BY CROP TYPE
9.1. Overview
9.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Crop Type, 2020 & 2027 (%)
9.2. Field Crops
9.2.1. Overview
9.2.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
9.3. Landscape & Turf
9.3.1. Overview
9.3.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
9.4. Orchard Crops
9.4.1. Overview
9.4.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
9.5. Others
9.5.1. Overview
9.5.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10. MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MARKET– BY GEOGRAPHY
10.1. Introduction
10.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Geography, 2020 & 2027 (%)
10.2. North America
10.2.1. Overview
10.2.2. Key Manufacturers in North America
10.2.3. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.2.4. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.2.5. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.2.6. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.2.7. U.S.
10.2.7.1. Overview
10.2.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.2.7.3. U.S. Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.2.7.4. U.S. Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.2.7.5. U.S. Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.2.8. Canada
10.2.8.1. Overview
10.2.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
1.1.1.1. Canada Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
1.1.1.2. Canada Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
1.1.1.3. Canada Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3. Europe
10.3.1. Overview
10.3.2. Key Manufacturers in Europe
10.3.3. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.4. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.5. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.6. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.7. Germany
10.3.7.1. Overview
10.3.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.3.7.3. Germany Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.7.4. Germany Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.7.5. Germany Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.8. France
10.3.8.1. Overview
10.3.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.3.8.3. France Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.8.4. France Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.8.5. France Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.9. United Kingdom
10.3.9.1. Overview
10.3.9.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.3.9.3. United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.9.4. United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.9.5. United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.10. Spain
10.3.10.1. Overview
10.3.10.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.3.10.3. Spain Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.10.4. Spain Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.10.5. Spain Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.11. Italy
10.3.11.1. Overview
10.3.11.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.3.11.3. Italy Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.11.4. Italy Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.11.5. Italy Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.11.6.
10.3.12. Rest of Europe
10.3.12.1. Overview
10.3.12.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.3.12.3. Rest of the Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.12.4. Rest of Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.12.5. Rest of the Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4. Asia Pacific (APAC)
10.4.1. Overview
10.4.2. Key Manufacturers in Asia Pacific
10.4.3. Asia Pacific Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.4. Asia Pacific Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.5. Asia Pacific Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.6. Asia Pacific Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.7. India
10.4.7.1. Overview
10.4.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.4.7.3. India Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.7.4. India Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.7.5. India Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.8. China
10.4.8.1. Overview
10.4.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.4.8.3. China Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.8.4. China Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.8.5. China Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.9. Japan
10.4.9.1. Overview
10.4.9.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.4.9.3. Japan Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.9.4. Japan Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.9.5. Japan Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.10. Australia
10.4.10.1. Overview
10.4.10.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.4.10.3. Australia Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.10.4. Australia Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.10.5. Australia Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.11. Rest of APAC
10.4.11.1. Overview
10.4.11.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.4.11.3. Rest of APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.11.4. Rest of APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.11.5. Rest of APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5. Latin America
10.5.1. Overview
10.5.2. Key Manufacturers in Latin America
10.5.3. Latin America Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.4. Latin America Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.5. Latin America Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.6. Latin America Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.7. Brazil
10.5.7.1. Overview
10.5.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.5.7.3. Brazil Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.7.4. Brazil Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.7.5. Brazil Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.8. Mexico
10.5.8.1. Overview
10.5.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.5.8.3. Mexico Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.8.4. Mexico Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.8.5. Mexico Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.9. Argentina
10.5.9.1. Overview
10.5.9.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.5.9.3. Argentina Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.9.4. Argentina Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.9.5. Argentina Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.9.6.
10.5.10. Rest of LATAM
10.5.10.1. Overview
10.5.10.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.5.10.3. Rest of LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.10.4. Rest of LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.10.5. Rest of LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6. Middle East and Africa
10.6.1. Overview
10.6.2. Key Manufacturers in Middle East and Africa
10.6.3. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.4. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.5. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.6. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.7. South Africa
10.6.7.1. Overview
10.6.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.6.7.3. South Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.7.4. South Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.7.5. South Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.8. Saudi Arabia
10.6.8.1. Overview
10.6.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.6.8.3. Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.8.4. Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.8.5. Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.9. Rest of ME&A
10.6.9.1. Overview
10.6.9.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.6.9.3. Rest of ME&A Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.9.4. Rest of ME&A Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.9.5. Rest of ME&A Market Size and Forecast, By Crop Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
11. KEY VENDOR ANALYSIS
11.1. Competitive Dashboard
11.2. Company Profiles
11.2.1. Lindsay Corporation
11.2.1.1. Company Snapshot
11.2.1.2. Financial Performance
11.2.1.3. Product Benchmarking
11.2.1.4. Strategic Initiatives
11.2.2. Valmont Industries
11.2.3. Rain Bird Corporation
11.2.4. T-L Irrigation Co.
11.2.5. Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd.
11.2.6. The Toro Company
11.2.7. Rivulis Irrigation
11.2.8. Nelson Irrigation Corporation
11.2.9. Reinke Manufacturing Company Inc.
11.2.10. Hunter Industries
11.2.11. Netafim Limited
11.2.12. Irritec S.p.A
12. 360 DEGREE ANALYSTVIEW
13. APPENDIX
13.1. Research Methodology
13.2. References
13.3. Abbreviations
13.4. Disclaimer
13.5. Contact Us
