Motor Vehicle Sensor Market, By Type (Pressure, Temperature, Speed, Oxygen, Image, Inertial, Position, Nox), By Application (Chassis, Powertrain, telematics, safety, and control), By Vehicle Type (Commercial Vehicles, Passenger cars, Motorcycles), and By Geography (EU, NA, APAC, LATAM, and MEA) Analysis, Size, Share Trends, & Forecast from 2021-2027
REPORT HIGHLIGHT
The motor vehicle sensor market was valued at USD 24.5 billion in 2020 and is projected to grow to USD 40.3 billion by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 10.5% CAGR during the forecast period, 2021-2027.
Motor vehicle sensors are intelligent sensors used in automotive to track, control, and process measurements such as temperature, the pressure of oil, coolant levels, level of emission among many others. The popular sensors used in vehicles are Mass airflow, engine speed, oxygen, spark knock, coolant, camshaft position, throttle position, vehicle speed, etc. These sensors are used to make the systems smarter, by following complex mechanisms such as allowing a variety of values, deciding and processing the accurate combination of values.
Market Dynamics
The global motor vehicle sensor market is a growing market that is expected to develop significantly during the forecast period. The global automotive sensor market is majorly driven by the need to make vehicles that are safe, secure, and reliable for drivers and at the same time make them informative and entertaining. Additional features help the players produce products that help them remain competitive. The rising adoption of automation and system upgrades for the customers is another major feature driving the whole industry. Regulation regarding road safety is making players produce smart sensors for driver safety and security. For instance, sensors placed in accelerometers help notify drivers regarding the speed, engine-related problems, and any other real-time data. Other methods used are tire pressure monitoring systems, manifold absolute pressure systems, advanced driver assistance systems aiding the improvement in the safety of drivers, and automating systems, drive growth in the industry. A key restraint in the growth is the reduced preference to commute with cars and the increase in demand for shared mobility such as Uber etc.
Furthermore, the increase in usage of alternative fuel-based vehicles, that is vehicles that run on fuels other than petrol or diesel, also demands the usage of automated systems in the vehicles. The scope of electrification of cars increases when there is a surge in usage of alternate fuel-based vehicles.
Type Takeaway
Based on type, the global motor vehicle sensor market is divided into pressure, temperature, speed, position, oxygen, image, inertial, and Nox. The position sensor market is expected to have a major share in the global market and account for over 30% of the motor vehicle sensor market during the forecasted period. The rising adoption of such solutions is due to the large adoption of position measurement in automotive applications such as chassis, safety, and control, powertrain, among many others. These systems provide the required information to the engine control modules such that they can control the various actions in a car. Other key applications which are driving growth include, clutch pedal position, brake pedal position, electric roof position, accelerator pedal position, sunroof position, gear shaft position, seat position, manifold flap position, etc. The wide array of applications is driving the growth of the position sensors market segment
Besides, the pressure and temperature systems are also anticipated to grow strongly owing to the requirement of measuring the pressure and temperature of engines in automotive systems.
Vehicle type Takeaway
Based on the type of vehicle, the global market is bifurcated into commercial vehicles, passenger cars, and motorcycles. The passenger car segment accounted for a major share in 2019 and had more than 30% of the market revenue share in the same year. The increased adoption of sensors in passenger cars is due to the demand for improving the performance of the cars, enhancing the safety of the passengers, and reducing the emissions from them. Emerging economies such as India, China, and Brazil have seen a surge in demand for safe passenger cars. Another reason for the growth in the passenger car segment is the increase in disposable income globally, fueling the demand for safe passenger cars. An increase in the adoption of ADAS technology (Advanced driver assistance system) and autonomous cars will further fuel the growth of the sensor market in passenger cars.
Application Takeaway
The largest size is in the powertrain application. The utility and application of sensors are mainly for the safety and efficiency of operations of powertrains. Growth in the powertrain segment is also fueled by stringent norms and regulations set by the government. Analog measurements such as pressure and temperature are gathered by the digital units, making the control systems more efficient.
Regional Takeaway
Based on geography, the global automotive sensor market is categorized into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific (APAC), Latin America (LATAM), and Middle East & Africa (MEA). In 2019, North America held a major proportion which 30% of the market revenue share in the same year. The presence of key market players along with the rising need to provide advanced customer support services is the key factor for regional dominance. In Europe, Germany holds the largest share in the region followed by Spain, France, UK, and Italy.
However, the APAC region is predicted to grow the largest during the forecast period. China will be the fastest-growing region followed by Japan, South Korea, and India. This can mainly be attributed to the rise of China as a global superpower while increasing the per capita income amongst its people. These markets also possess significant cost advantages making it easy for OEMs to carry out large-scale production. Easily available labor, low costs involved in the production, lenient safety and emission norms, and huge support from the government to enable Foreign direct investments (FDIs) are some of the key drivers for growth in APAC.
COVID-19 Impact
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the automotive industry across the supply chain. Lesser demand for cars indicates a lesser demand for automotive solutions. There has been a huge disruption in the supply of raw materials and also the delivery of finished goods in the automotive industry. Lockdown restrictions implemented, owing to the control of COVID-19, have resulted in a demand slump for cars, personal as well as commercial vehicles. Companies have also decided to halt any strategic decisions involved, such as investments and new technology adoption, owing to the uncertain future of demand. The disruption of the supply chain, lack of credit, and lack of labor have left the original equipment manufacturers, SMEs and large corporations included delaying their production plans.
Key Vendor Takeaway
Some of the prominent players operating in the industry include Robert Bosch, Continental AG, Delphi Automotive, Denso Corporation, Infineon Technologies, Sensata Technologies, Allegro Microsystems, Analog Devices, Elmos Semiconductor, CTS Corporation, TE Connectivity, Texas Instruments Incorporated, NXP Semiconductors, STMicroelectronics N.V, Valeo, AUTOLIV INC.
The industry is highly fragmented because there is a presence of a large number of major players present at a country, regional, as well as global level. Apart from this, with the rising demand for automotive sensors, the major players have adopted organic and inorganic growth strategies such as Joint ventures, mergers & acquisitions, strategic alliances, collaboration, and product launches to ensure that they retain their position on the global scale. For instance, in May 2020, Intel acquired moovit a mobility company that provides autonomous solutions. Through this Intel aims to provide a full-stack solution to mobility companies. Such moves are helping companies to provide holistic solutions to mobility companies instead of focusing on one segment.
The market size and forecast for each segment and sub-segments has been considered as below:
- Historical Year – 2016 to 2018
- Base Year – 2019
- Estimated Year – 2020
- Projected Year – 2021 to 2027
TARGET AUDIENCE
Manufacturers
Raw Material Suppliers
Distributors
Original equipment manufacturers
Research Organizations
Consulting Firms
Government and Regional Agencies
SCOPE OF THE REPORT
The scope of this report covers the market by its major segments, which include as follows:
GLOBAL MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR MARKET KEY PLAYERS
- Robert Bosch
- Continental AG
- Delphi Automotive
- Denso corporation
- Infineon technologies
- Sensata Technologies
- Allegro Microsystems
- Analog Devices
- Elmos Semiconductor
- CTS Corporation
- TE Connectivity
- Texas Instruments Incorporated
- NXP Semiconductors
- STMicroelectronics N.V
- Valeo
- AUTOLIV INC
GLOBAL MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR MARKET, BY TYPE
Pressure
Temperature
Speed
Oxygen
Image
Inertial
Position
Nox
GLOBAL MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR MARKET, BY APPLICATION
Chassis
Powertrain
Telematics
Safety
Control
GLOBAL MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE
Commercial Vehicles
Passenger cars
Motorcycles
GLOBAL MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR MARKET, BY REGION
North America
o The U.S.
o Canada
Europe
o Germany
o France
o Italy
o Spain
o the United Kingdom
o Rest of Europe
Asia Pacific
o India
o China
o South Korea
o Japan
o Rest of APAC
Latin America
o Brazil
o Mexico
o Argentina
o Rest of LATAM
The Middle East and Africa
o Saudi Arabia
o the United Arab Emirates
o Rest of MEA
TABLE OF CONTENT
1. MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR MARKET OVERVIEW
1.1. Study Scope
2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
2.1. Market Snippet
2.1.1. Market Snippet by Type
2.1.2. Market Snippet by Application
2.1.3. Market Snippet by Vehicle Type
2.1.4. Market Snippet by Region
2.2. Competitive Insights
3. MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR KEY MARKET TRENDS
3.1. Market Drivers
3.1.1. Impact Analysis of Market Drivers
3.2. Market Restraints
3.2.1. Impact Analysis of Market Restraints
3.3. Market Opportunities
3.4. Market Future Trends
4. MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR INDUSTRY STUDY
4.1. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
4.2. Marketing Strategy Analysis
4.3. Growth Prospect Mapping
4.4. Regulatory Framework Analysis
5. MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR MARKET: COVID-19 IMPACT ANALYSIS
5.1. Pre-COVID-19 Impact Analysis
5.2. Post-COVID-19 Impact Analysis
5.2.1. Top Performing Segments
5.2.2. Marginal Growth Segments
5.2.3. Top Looser Segments
5.2.4. Marginal Loss Segments
6. MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR MARKET LANDSCAPE
6.1. Market Share Analysis, 2019
6.2. Key Innovators Analysis
6.3. Breakdown Data, by Key Manufacturer
6.3.1. Established Players’ Analysis
6.3.2. Emerging Players’ Analysis
7. MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR MARKET – BY TYPE
7.1. Overview
7.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Type, 2020 & 2027 (%)
7.2. Pressure
7.2.1. Overview
7.2.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
7.3. Temperature
7.3.1. Overview
7.3.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
8. MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR MARKET – BY Applications
8.1. Overview
8.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Applications, 2020 & 2027 (%)
8.2. Chassis
8.2.1. Overview
8.2.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
8.2.2.1. Carbon Fibre Chassis
8.2.2.1.1. Overview
8.2.2.1.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
8.2.2.2. Aluminium Chassis
8.2.2.2.1. Overview
8.2.2.2.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
8.3. Powertrain
8.3.1. Overview
8.3.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
8.3.2.1. Powertrain
8.3.2.1.1. Overview
8.3.2.1.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
9. MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR MARKET – BY VEHICLE TYPE
9.1. Overview
9.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Vehicle Type, 2020 & 2027 (%)
9.2. Commercial vehicles
9.2.1. Overview
9.2.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
9.3. Passenger Cars
9.3.1. Overview
9.3.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10. MOTOR VEHICLE SENSOR MARKET– BY GEOGRAPHY
10.1. Introduction
10.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Geography, 2020 & 2027 (%)
10.2. North America
10.2.1. Overview
10.2.2. Key Manufacturers in North America
10.2.3. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.2.4. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.2.5. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.2.6. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.2.7. U.S.
10.2.7.1. Overview
10.2.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.2.7.3. U.S. Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.2.7.4. U.S. Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.2.7.5. U.S. Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.2.8. Canada
10.2.8.1. Overview
10.2.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.2.8.3. Canada Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.2.8.4. Canada Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.2.8.5. Canada Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.3. Europe
10.3.1. Overview
10.3.2. Key Manufacturers in Europe
10.3.3. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.4. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.5. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.3.6. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.3.7. Germany
10.3.7.1. Overview
10.3.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.3.7.3. Germany Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.7.4. Germany Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.3.7.5. Germany Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.3.8. Italy
10.3.8.1. Overview
10.3.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.3.8.3. Italy Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.8.4. Italy Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.3.8.5. Italy Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.3.9. United Kingdom
10.3.9.1. Overview
10.3.9.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.3.9.3. United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.9.4. United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.3.9.5. United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.3.10. France
10.3.10.1. Overview
10.3.10.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.3.10.3. France Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.10.4. France Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.3.10.5. France Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.3.11. Rest of Europe
10.3.11.1. Overview
10.3.11.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.3.11.3. Rest of Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.3.11.4. Rest of Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.3.11.5. Rest of Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.4. Asia Pacific
10.4.1. Overview
10.4.2. Key Manufacturers in Asia Pacific
10.4.3. Asia Pacific Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.4. Asia Pacific Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.5. Asia Pacific Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.4.6. Asia Pacific Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.4.7. India
10.4.7.1. Overview
10.4.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.4.7.3. India Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.7.4. India Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.4.7.5. India Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.4.8. China
10.4.8.1. Overview
10.4.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.4.8.3. China Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.8.4. China Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.4.8.5. China Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.4.9. Japan
10.4.9.1. Overview
10.4.9.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.4.9.3. Japan Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.9.4. Japan Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.4.9.5. Japan Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.4.10. Rest of APAC
10.4.10.1. Overview
10.4.10.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.4.10.3. Rest of APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.4.10.4. Rest of APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.4.10.5. Rest of APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.5. Latin America
10.5.1. Overview
10.5.2. Key Manufacturers in Latin America
10.5.3. Latin America Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.4. Latin America Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.5. Latin America Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.5.6. Latin America Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.5.7. Brazil
10.5.7.1. Overview
10.5.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.5.7.3. Brazil Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.7.4. Brazil Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.5.7.5. Brazil Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.5.8. Mexico
10.5.8.1. Overview
10.5.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.5.8.3. Mexico Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.8.4. Mexico Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.5.8.5. Mexico Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.5.9. Argentina
10.5.9.1. Overview
10.5.9.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.5.9.3. Argentina Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.9.4. Argentina Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.5.9.5. Argentina Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.5.10. Rest of Europe
10.5.10.1. Overview
10.5.10.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.5.10.3. Rest of LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.5.10.4. Rest of LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.5.10.5. Rest of LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US Billion)
10.6. Middle East and Africa
10.6.1. Overview
10.6.2. Key Manufacturers in Middle East and Africa
10.6.3. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.4. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.5. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.6. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.7. Saudi Arabia
10.6.7.1. Overview
10.6.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.6.7.3. Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.7.4. Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.7.5. Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.8. United Arab Emirates
10.6.8.1. Overview
10.6.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.6.8.3. United Arab Emirates Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.8.4. United Arab Emirates Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.8.5. United Arab Emirates Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.9. Rest of MEA
10.6.9.1. Overview
10.6.9.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2016 - 2027, (US$ Billion)
10.6.9.3. Rest of MEA Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.9.4. Rest of MEA Market Size and Forecast, By Application, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
10.6.9.5. Rest of MEA Market Size and Forecast, By Vehicle Type, 2016 - 2027 (US$ Billion)
11. KEY VENDOR ANALYSIS
11.1. Competitive Dashboard
11.2. Company Profiles
11.2.1. Robert Bosch
11.2.1.1. Company Snapshot
11.2.1.2. Financial Performance
11.2.1.3. Product Benchmarking
11.2.1.4. Strategic Initiatives
11.2.2. Continental AG
11.2.3. Delphi Automotive
11.2.4. Denso Corporation
11.2.5. Infineon technologies
11.2.6. Sensata Technologies
11.2.7. Allegro Microsystems
11.2.8. Analog Devices
11.2.9. Elmos Semiconductor
11.2.10. CTS Corporation
11.2.11. TE Connectivity
11.2.12. Texas Instruments
11.2.13. NXP Semiconductors
11.2.14. STMicroelectronics N.V
11.2.15. Valeo
12. 360 DEGREE ANALYST VIEW
13. APPENDIX
13.1. Research Methodology
13.2. References
13.3. Abbreviations
13.4. Disclaimer
13.5. Contact Us
